Ação do ácido rosmarínico na redução de danos hepáticos induzido por CCI4

Abstract

Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a secondary metabolite that has biological effects, such as antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity. The main goal of this study was to analyse the hepatoprotective capacity of rosmarinic acid (RA) in female Wistar rats (Rattus norvergicus) after carbon tetrachloride poisoning (CCl4). This study was approved by the Commission on Ethics in the use of Animals under nos. 128/14. The animals had 8 to 12 weeks of life. Young adults, weighing between 180 and 240 g, were housed in polypropylene cages, with a total of 5 groups containing 5 animals each, group 1 Basal control (without treatment); group 2 control intoxicated with CCl4 2 mL / kg for 12 hours; group 3 control treated with Silymarin 25 mg / kg p.c. + CCl4; group 4 treated with AR 30 mg / kg p.c. + CCl4; group 5 treated with AR 50 mg / kg p.c. + CCl4, with normal diet. Physiological data (weight, water consumption, feed intake, feces production and urine) and abnormal behavioral changes during the study were observed. Hepatic parameters were analyzed in all groups: aminotransferases - AST (aspartate aminotransferase) and ALT (alanine aminotransferase) and malondialdehyde (MDA, marker of oxidative activity). The physiological data presented did not show significant variation compared to the basal group, but the animals of the CCl4 group 2 mL / kg for 12 hours significantly reduced excreta production, p <0.05, compared to the basal group, probably due to to the presence of gastrointestinal lesions. Carbon tetrachloride CCl4 (2.0 mL / kg i.p.) demonstrated its toxic effect by causing intoxication in liver cells by significantly increasing the lesion biomarkers for both AST and ALT with p <0.05 compared to the Basal control. Rosmarinic acid at the dose of 30 mg / kg decreased for both enzymes (p <0.05). But at the dose of 50 mg / kg, there was a statistical reduction (p <0.05) only for the AST enzyme. The control group treated with silymarin 25 mg / kg confirmed its protective effect by reducing AST levels, with a statistical significance of p <0.05 compared to the 2 mL / kg CCl4 group for 12 hours. The appearance of tissue necrosis is the limit to cellular alterations, being a frequent consequence of inflammatory, degenerative and infiltrative processes. This tissue death can be characterized by the inability to restore the homeostatic balance. Therefore, according to the methodology used rosmarinic acid was shown to be hepatoprotective in hepatic lesions induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), mainly in the dosage of 50 mg / kg.