Trauma cranioencefálico por mordedura em cão: relato de caso

Abstract

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a medical emergency with high morbidity and mortality in dogs. Elevated intracranial pressure is the most frequent cause of death and disability in animals with traumatic brain injury, due to dysfunction of blood flow in the brain that causes hypoxia and ischemia. The present study aims to report the case of a dog victim of head trauma by biting, which resulted in skull fracture and compression of the brain parenchyma, requiring a descompressive craniectomy to remove the bone fragments. As a therapeutic strategy to avoid increased intracranial pressure, the reduction of cerebral edema with the use of manitol and the maintenance of systemic blood pressure within normal limits, based on pain control and reduction of the patient’s stress level, was advocated. During anesthesia for neurosurgery, the aim was to maintain systemic blood pressure within the normal range, to maintain adequate cerebral blood flow and cerebral perfusion pressure. Subsequently, rehabilitation with physiotherapy was performed to assist in the recovery of the patient’s motor coordination.