Levantamento bibliográfico do potencial biotecnológico de Solanum lycocarpum St.Hil - Solanaceae

Abstract

In this study it, was conducted a literature review on the biotechnological potential of Solanum lycocarpum St. Hill - Solanaceae based on articles found in the scientific literature. It was comparatively discussed the physical-chemical analyzes and toxicological properties of leaf, flower, fruit and seeds of this plant, with information from the scientific literature. The potential of lobeira and its potential medical-pharmaceutical was analyzed using freely database accessible at the State University of Goias. The lobeira called as Solanum lycocarpum (Solanaceae) is a plant sized tree or shrub very common in the Brazilian Cerrado. It is also popularly known as fruit-of-wolf, white poultry, eggplant bush, or baba jurubebão among many other denominations. The lobeira has been used as a food source for a long time, and is a rich source of potassium and fiber carbohydrates. Despite containing reducing sugars in the fruit, its constitution does not have hypoglycemic potential. This plant contains alkaloids such as fractions of solasodine, and solamargine solasonina in its bark and seeds and its alkaloid extract presents molluscicidal and anthelmintic activity. Mice receiving food or theft of dry green food-fruit-wolf showed morphological changes such as reduction in weight and size of the kidneys, uterus and lung changes and hepatotoxic. The extract of lobeira can be used as elicitors of defense responses in plants of agricultural interest and as allopathic effect, inhibitor the growth. Genetic studies of the lobeira based on the quantification and comparison of genetic diversity and structure of S.lycocarpum populations of these different environments may be natural or anthropogenic. In the field of biotechnology, starch derived from the lobeira proved holder of features that make it a good raw material for the production of biodegradable films. This inventory revealed the diversity of studies and possible applications of biotechnological use of Solanum lycocarpum branch in the medico-pharmaceutical industry, food agroindustry and biological control.